6 Most Common Water Borne Diseases

Introduction

The monsoon season, characterized by heavy rainfall and flooding, provides relief from scorching temperatures. However, this season also increases the risk of water-borne diseases. The excessive rainwater creates breeding grounds for various pathogens, leading to potential health hazards. In this blog, we will explore some common water-borne diseases to be aware of during the monsoon season, their causes, symptoms, prevention measures, and essential tips to stay safe and healthy.

6 Most Common Water-Borne Diseases

1. Cholera

Cholera is a highly contagious water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It spreads rapidly through contaminated water and food. Symptoms of cholera include severe watery diarrhoea, vomiting, and dehydration. In severe cases, cholera can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Prevention: To prevent cholera, it is crucial to drink only safe, boiled, or purified water. Avoid consuming raw or undercooked seafood and practice handwashing with soap and clean water.

2. Typhoid

Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi and is transmitted through contaminated food and water. Symptoms include high fever, abdominal pain, headache, and weakness. Typhoid can be severe and may lead to complications if not treated timely.

Prevention: Ensure proper sanitation and hygiene, including safe drinking water and waste disposal. Cook food thoroughly and avoid consuming street food during the monsoon season.

3. Hepatitis A

Hepatitis A is a viral infection that affects the liver and spreads through contaminated water and food. Symptoms include jaundice, fatigue, nausea, and loss of appetite. While most cases of Hepatitis A resolve independently, the disease can be severe for children and older adults.

Prevention: Vaccination effectively prevents Hepatitis A. Practice good personal hygiene, such as washing hands before eating and avoiding consuming raw or undercooked food.

4. Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is caused by Leptospira bacteria found in water contaminated with animal urine. During the monsoon, the risk of exposure to this bacteria increases, especially when wading through floodwaters or engaging in water-related activities.

Prevention: Avoid contact with potentially contaminated water. If you have to walk through floodwaters, wear protective clothing and footwear. Keep your surroundings clean and free from rodent infestations.

5. Diarrheal Diseases

Various pathogens, including Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Rotavirus, can cause acute diarrheal diseases during the monsoon season. These infections lead to dehydration and are particularly dangerous for young children.

Prevention: Maintain good hygiene practices, including regular handwashing with soap and clean water. Drink safe, boiled, or purified water, and avoid consuming raw or uncooked food.

6. Malaria

Although not a water-borne disease, malaria spreads during the monsoon due to increased mosquito breeding sites from standing water. Mosquito bites transmit the malaria parasite, leading to fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms.

Prevention: Use mosquito nets while sleeping, wear long-sleeved clothing, and use mosquito repellents to protect yourself from mosquito bites. Ensure proper drainage to eliminate stagnant water, reducing mosquito-breeding sites.

Essential Tips for Staying Safe During Monsoon

• Boil and Purify Drinking Water: Always drink boiled or purified water to eliminate water-borne pathogens.
• Proper Food Handling: Ensure proper cooking and avoid consuming raw or undercooked food items.
• Hand Hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and clean water before eating or touching your face.
• Avoid Stagnant Water: Avoid areas with stagnant water to minimize exposure to disease-causing organisms.
• Use Mosquito Repellents: Protect yourself from mosquito bites by using insect repellents and mosquito nets.
• Keep Surroundings Clean: Regularly clean and disinfect your surroundings, especially areas prone to waterlogging.
• Stay Informed: Stay updated on health advisories and seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of illness.

Conclusion

During the monsoon season, it is essential to remain vigilant about water-borne diseases and take preventive measures to protect yourself and your loved ones. You can enjoy the monsoons without compromising your health by following proper hygiene practices, consuming safe water and food, and avoiding exposure to contaminated water. Remember that seeking timely medical attention is important if you experience any symptoms of water-borne illnesses. Stay informed, stay safe, and responsibly embrace the monsoon season’s beauty.