Understanding MRI Scans: What to Expect, Why It’s Done, and How to Prepare

MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging. MRI is a painless, non-invasive diagnostic test that creates clear images of the body’s internal structures, including organs, muscles, bones and blood vessels.

 

An MRI uses magnets, radio waves and a computer, but no radiation. An MRI usually takes longer than other imaging tests and can seem daunting. Understanding this test can help individuals prepare mentally and physically for it.

 

This article discusses what is MRI, why it is required, how to prepare for it, and more.

What is an MRI Scan?

An MRI is an imaging test that produces detailed, cross-sectional images of almost every internal structure of the body using magnets, radio waves and a computer. Using an MRI, the doctor can examine the following areas of the body:

 

1. Brain and surrounding nerves
2. Heart and blood vessels
3. Liver
4. Kidney
5. Breast tissue
6. Spine and spinal cord
7. Bladder and reproductive organs
8. Lymph nodes

 

There are two types of MRI imaging machines: open MRI and closed MRI.

 

In an open MRI machine, the sides are open, and two magnets are on the top and bottom of the table on which the body lies.

 

A closed MRI machine is a tube-like structure open only at the entrance. It comprises a ring of magnets. A closed MRI can take better images than an open MRI but can be slightly uncomfortable for some people.

 

In some MRI tests, called contrast MRI, a substance called a contrast dye can be injected into the veins to increase the quality of the images.

 

MRI scan cost can be higher than other imaging tests. However, the detail and quality of images are better.

When is an MRI Done?

The doctor can recommend an MRI to better diagnose the symptoms of problems in:

 

1. Brain
2. Spinal cord
3. Heart
4. Other internal organs
5. Bones
6. Breast

Why is an MRI Required?

MRI of different organs or body parts has different purposes. Some common MRIs and their purposes include:

 

1. Brain MRI
A brain MRI is used to diagnose:
• Brain tumour
• Inner eye and ear conditions
• Stroke
• Brain injury from trauma

 

2. Heart MRI
A cardiac MRI is usually used to check for:
• Blockages in the blood vessels
• Extent of damage in the heart after a heart attack
• Structural problems in the heart
• Heart tumours or infections

 

3. Body MRI
A full body MRI scan usually looks for:
• Tumours in the chest, abdomen or pelvis
• Liver diseases like cirrhosis
• Inflammation of blood vessels
• Pregnancy

 

4. Bone MRI
A bone MRI usually checks for:
• Bone tumours
• Bone infections
• Joint issues due to injury

 

How to Prepare for an MRI scan?

The steps involved in the preparation for an MRI scan include:

 

 

1. Consumption of solids and fluids: Usually, an MRI test does not require any restriction on eating, drinking, or taking medication. However, in the case of some special MRI scans (like pelvic MRI), the doctor can advise fasting before the test.

 

2. Clothing: Before the MRI scan, the patient must remove all clothing and change into a hospital gown.

 

 

3. Strong Magnetic Environment: Apart from removing clothes, the patient must remove all metallic objects from their person and inform the doctor and the technician about any metal implants before the test.

 

4. Allergy: In case of an allergy to contrast dye, the doctor can prescribe medication, usually taken twelve hours before the test.

 

5. Anti-anxiety Medication: If one suffers from claustrophobia, the doctor can prescribe anti-anxiety medication before a closed MRI scan.

 

What is the Procedure for an MRI scan?

The procedure of an MRI scan is as follows:

 

1. After changing into a hospital gown and removing metal objects from the body, the patient lies down on a narrow table, which moves into the MRI machine.

 

2. The machine makes loud beeping and clicking noises once the test starts. The technician or the hospital staff can provide earplugs if required.

 

3. The patient usually has to stay still for the test duration so that the machine can capture accurate images.

 

4. If required, the technician can communicate with the patient using an intercom.

 

5. The test usually concludes within 20 to 90 minutes.

 

6. The area of the body where images are being taken can feel warm.

 

An MRI scan produces clearer images than other imaging tests. Since it does not involve radiation, repeated scans are safe. The doctor can examine almost any internal body structure in detail using an MRI test and diagnose associated problems. Upon noticing symptoms of brain, heart, or bone disease, one must consult a doctor and get tested at Dr Lal PathLabs.

FAQs

1. Is an MRI safe?

MRI does not involve radiation and is generally safe for an average person.

2. What are the side effects of a contrast MRI?

Some side effects of a contrast MRI scan can include:
• Nausea
• Headache
• Pain at the injection site